ABSTRACT
Type 2 DM is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR). IR has a strong genetic component and the children of diabetics have an increased risk for the early onset of DM.The body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), HOMA-IR (Homeostatic model assessment - IR) and lipid parameters were measured and statistically compared in 25 nondiabetics with family history of type 2 DM (FH + group) and 25 age matched nondiabetics without family history of type 2 DM (FH - group).The FPI (8.76 ± 3.6), HOMA-IR (1.95 ± 0.86) and serum triglycerides (136.43 ± 11.44) were statistically significant (p<0.05) in the FH + group when compared to the FH - group. WC, total cholesterol and BP showed a trend towards increase in the FH + group. There is hyperinsulinemia, IR and an altered lipid metabolism in the FH + group. The complex genetic predisposition to IR and its association with the increasing WC in the FH + group predisposes such individuals to the development of type 2 DM.
ABSTRACT
The study was done to investigate the effects of cyclical changes of endogenous sex hormones during different phases of menstrual cycle on Acylation stimulating Protein (ASP) and its correlation with lipid profile parameters in healthy reproductive women. Twenty nine healthy reproductive women with regular menstrual cycles were included in this longitudinal study. The levels of FSH, LH, progesterone and estradiol were measured along with ASP. The total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDLC levels were estimated during follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. There was a significant rise in ASP levels during luteal phase when compared to follicular phase (P<0.01). The rise in ASP levels during the luteal phase correlated with elevated progesterone levels (r=0.472, p=0.027). Multiple regression analysis including all measured variables in the study showed that progesterone was the only significant predictor of ASP levels. The level of LDL-C as well as total cholesterol/ HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios showed significant decreases during the luteal phase compared with the follicular phase (P<0.05). No correlation was seen between ASP levels and the lipid profile parameters. The findings of this study suggest that adipokines such as ASP levels are increased during luteal phase associated with elevated progesterone levels which may contribute to increased fat storage & distribution in women of reproductive age.